Beyond technology: a multidimensional diagnostic framework for government digital transformation

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Abstract

In Cuba, digital transformation is conceived as a holistic process encompassing migration to free software, the adoption of technologies that guarantee technological sovereignty and national security, the digitization of procedures, the computerization of organizational processes, and the strengthening of interoperability. The realization of this vision depends largely on the effective  transformation of the of public administration. This article focuses on the diagnostic phase of the methodology designed by the Union of Computer Scientists of Cuba for this purpose. In its initial version, it lacked tools to facilitate its implementation, so this research contributes to its improvement. The main objective of this work is to present a detailed guide of the steps to follow and describe the specific instruments necessary to carry out a rigorous, multidimensional diagnostic stage. The proposal is based on three theoretical-practical pillars: (1) the principles of enterprise architecture management and its catalog of visual patterns for systemic representation; (2) the focus on process management and modeling; and (3) alignment with the National Digital Transformation Policy, the Cuban Digital Agenda, and the Artificial Intelligence Strategy. As its main contribution, this study enriches the underlying methodology by providing a set of structured tools that facilitate and systematize the implementation of the diagnostic process. This selection of tools has also been validated and enhanced by the authors' direct experience in conducting similar processes within the Cuban public administration.