Getting Anisotropy in the Seismic Data Processing

Abstract

In a conventional processing of seismic data (processing of only one type of wave, P or S), to getimages for hydrocarbons exploration, an isotropic model of the earth is assumed. Studies havedemonstrated that in areas with evidences of anisotropy, the conventional process of time migrationproduces images with poor resolution or erroneous lateral localization of structural events with highinclinations, due to variations in the elastic properties according to the direction of propagation of theseismic waves. At present this topic is of great importance in seismic acquisitions because of thevast employ of the far offset (large distances source–receptor). To, compensate this negative effectsis a priority objective to improve the seismic information. To obtain the anisotropy first started from asequence of high density processing that takes into consideration the characteristics of the earth;and data can be analyzed in all volume. As a final result; getting the comparison between the timemigration stack, with the application of standard normal Moveout correction (NMO) and the others,that takes into consideration the obtained anisotropy values, allowing an improvement in the continuityof the reflectors in the seismic images, and at the same time a more reliable interpretation, with theconsequent decrease of the uncertainty and the risks in the oil exploration.